epi, opi, pi

    epi, opi, pi

    English meaning: at, by

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “nahe hinzu, auf - darauf, auf - hin”, zeitlich “in addition, darauf, örtlich “hinter, after” (also “bei etwas herunter”? so partly die Gmc. forms)

    Note: (also with lengthened grade -ei, -oi in the final syllable); partially in the meaning with abbreviated ebhi, obhi.

    Material: O.Ind. ápi “also, in addition” (adv.), seldom ved. preposition m. locative “by, in”, prefix api-, pi- “to, by” (pi- in pi-dhüna- n. “ covering, cover, lid “, pi-nahyati “ tethered, fastened to”, py-úkṣṇa- “ cover of the bow “: Gk. πτ-υχή “ crease, layer “, if from *πι̯-υχᾱ, πτύσσω “lay, place together, crease “, pīḍ ayati : πιέζω, s. *sed-); common O.Ind. ĝh- > kṣ- phonetic mutation Av. aipi, аp. apiy, adnominal “about - to, by (acc.), by (temporal, loc.), after (temporal, instr.)”, adv. “in addition also, likewise also, particularly, specially, especially, particular: in particular, peculiarly, separately, extra, notably; hereafter, later”, prefix “to”; with lengthened grade of final syllable Av. ape “after” (m. acc.), compare apaya adv. “ hereafter, prospectively “, -pe emphasizing particle; Arm. ev “and, also”; *pi in anlaut h- united verbs, as h-aganim “pull myself to “? Gk. ἐπί, ἔπι “auf to, an”, adnominal with dative (= IE loc., instr., acc., gen., prefix, ἔπισσον τὸ ὕστερον γενόμενον Hes. (i.e. probably “ progeny “, basic form *ἔπι-τι̯ο-, Schulze, Kl. Schr. 70 ff., 675), πι- prefix (see above); opi in Hom. ὄπι-θε(ν) “behind, afterwards”, Ion. Att.ὄπισθε(ν) ds. (-σ- after πρόσθε(ν), compare also ὀπίσ(σ)ω “behind, backwards”; hereafter “ (*opi-ti̯ō), ὀπίστατος “ hindmost, last”; ὀπ-ώρα “autumn”, S. 343); presumably (with IE contraction from *opi-oqʷ to *opīqʷ, to *oqʷ- ‘see”) όπι:-πέυω ‘stare at”, παρθενοπῖπα “ girl gazer, onlooker “, *ὄψ (formation as ἄψ, Lat. abs, ἀμφίς, see under Ital. ops-) base from ὀψέ, Eol. ὄψι “late”;about Gk. ἐπ-εί “there” see above S. 284; Illyr. PN Epi-cadus (compare Gk. κεκαδμένος “ parading, showing off “); Ven. PN Opitergium (to Tergeste “Triest”, O.Bulg. trъgъ “ marketplace “; Alb. tregu “ marketplace “); Messap. pi-dō (*dō-t) “bore profit”; Alb. épërë “ situated above “; Illyr. Epirus (*epi-u̯eri̯ō ) “ situated above, highland “ : Ériu “Irland” (*epi-u̯eri̯ō “ enclosed land, hill, island), Welsh Ywerddon ds. (*uiu̯erðon, *epiu̯eri̯onos) [common Illyr. n > nd > d phonetic mutation]. Lat. ob adnominal m. acc. “ prep. with acc., in front of, before; in return for; because of, on account of “, altLat. also “ around, round about, all around, near together, in close proximity “, and prefix from op- before voiced consonant originated (as ab from ap[o]); op still in operio from *op-veriō, oportet from *op-vortet “ it is necessary, needful, proper, becoming, or reasonable; it behooves; I (thou, he, etc.) must or ought “; about opücus s. EM2 703 and above S. 54; *ops- (see above) usually before t- in compound, e.g. o(p)stendo; Osc. úp, op “by” with abl. (= *instr.); O.Ir. iar n-, iarm- “after, afterwards, in the next place, secondly “ m. dat., perhaps Neutr. a derivative *epi-ro-m (Thurneysen Gk. 516); epi- seems also obstructed in O.Ir. íа-daim “ close “ (compare Lat. ob-dō), éi-thech “ perjury “ (compare Gk. ἐπι-ορκέω), Ériu “Irland” (*epi-u̯eri̯ō “ enclosed land, hill, island) = Welsh Ywerddon ds. (*uiu̯erðon, *epi-u̯eri̯onos), Ir. éibheall “blaze, glow” (*epi-bhelo-); opi in O.Ir. oíbell m. “blaze, glow” = Welsh ufel m. ‘spark” (*opi-bhelo-); Welsh uffarn, Bret. ufern “ankle” (opi-spernü); Goth. iftuma (formation as aftuma “last”) “ subsequent, later”; ibdalja m. “ descent, slope”, O.E. eofolsian “ blaspheme “ (*eƀ-hülsian), eofut, eofot n. “blame” (*eƀ-hüt); in addition perhaps also the group “evening”: O.N. aptann, eptann, West-Gmc. with ü O.E. ǣfen m. n., O.S. üƀand, O.H.G. üband; perhaps the WestGmc. has dissimilation reduction of the first dental experienced in the basic form *üptanto- or is IE *ēp-onto- the basic form and O.N. aptann from derived aptan “ hereafter “; to the possible fusion from *ap- and *ep- in Gmc. compare above S. 53 f.; Lith. ap-, before labial also still api-, in nominal compound apy- prefix “around, about, by”, apiẽ “ around, about “ m. acc., O.Lith. and dial. E.Lith. dievíe-p “by god” under likewise, sūnaũ s-pi “for the son”; Ltv. ap- “around, about”, pìe with gen. and acc. “by, in”, pìe- “to there, in-, full-”; O.Pruss. ep- (ap- lacking normative spelling), eb- “around-”, rather as *epi here, as to be taken as a basis under the form eb- to IE ebhi, obhi; in addition to the postposition lit -p(i) hinter gen. namó-pi “on the way home, homeward”) and loc. (namié-pi “to the house, homeward”), Ltv. -p (only adverbial use), Е. Fraenkel, Syntax 18 ff., Endzelin Gk. 524 ff.; in addition one places also Lith. suffix in dvej-ópas “ twofold “ etc., as well as das suffix in Illyr. VN Hadriopes, Δερρίοπες, etc. (??); here also Slav. preposition о “ around, in” (*op); to coincidence with IE obhi see above S. 287, Meillet Slave commun2 155 f., Trautmann 1; about Hitt. appa etc. see above S. 53; in the meaning it corresponds rather to Gk. ἐπί as Gk. ἀπό; Lyc. knows only the extended forms epñ-, epñte “after”; about Toch. gen.-ending A -üp, В -epi, which one could put here (also in Lith. would strengthen the gen. through epi), s. also Pedersen Toch. 50 ff.

    References: WP. I 122 f., Pedersen Lyc. and Hitt. 23, Schwyzer Gk. I 325, 5507, 620, 628, 6317, Trautmann 1.